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Earthquake causes upsetting damage to many structures such as houses, buildings and other facilities. After the Great Hanshin disaster, the Japan National Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED) planned an earthquake simulator, known as the “E-Defense”, which can simulate earthquakes as great as a 7.0 magnitude.

The E-Defense shake table, where “E” stands for Earth, is recognized as the world’s largest earthquake simulator, with the measurement of 20 by 15 meters located at 30km north of Kobe. The E-Defense mostly consists of a kinetic platform with 24 air-inflated pistons under the structures, weighing up to 1,200 tons, which are controlled by massive hydraulic mechanisms.

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